EFL - Enciclopedia delle Famiglie Lombarde

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/WALES.htm GRUFFYDD ap Llywelyn, son o f LLYWELYN ap Seisyll King of Gwynedd & his wife Angharad of Gwynedd ( -killed Snowdonia 5 Aug 1063). [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "h is son… Grufydd" succeeded his father as prince of Gwynedd after "Ll ywelyn son of Seisyllt" was killed in 1021 [1]] His parentage is confi rmed by the Chronicle of the Princes of Wales which records that "Bled dyn son of Cynvyn [and] Gruffudd son of Llywelyn… were brothers by t he same mother… Angharad daughter of Meredudd king of the Britons" [ 2]. [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Grufudd" defeated and kille d "Iago son of Idwal prince of Gwynedd" and "took the government of Gw ynedd and so became king of Wales from the Irish Channel to the Sever n sea", dated to [1036] from the context [3]] He succeeded in 1039 a s Prince of Gwynedd and Powys. The Chronicle of the Princes of Wales r ecords that "Iago king of Gwynedd was slain" in 1037 and that "Gruffud d son of Llywelyn son of Seisyl governed in his stead", adding that th e latter "from beginning to end pursued the Saxons and the other natio ns and killed and destroyed them… first… at Rhyd y Groes on the Se vern" [4]. He accompanied Svein Godwinsson, son of Godwin Earl of Wess ex, on an expedition into South Wales in 1046 [5]. He made himself rul er of all of Wales. Allied with Ælfgar ex-Earl of East Anglia, son o f Leofric Earl of Mercia, he invaded England and sacked Hereford Oct 1 055. Peace was negotiated by Leofric Earl of Mercia and Harold Earl o f Wessex, under which Gruffydd swore allegiance to King Edward "the Co nfessor" [6]. Leofgar, recently appointed Bishop of Hereford, led an a rmy against Gruffydd but was defeated and killed 16 Jun 1056 [7]. He s tarted raiding England again after Ælfric Earl of Mercia died [1062] . England launched a full-scale campaign against him, led by Tostig Ea rl of Northumbria invading north Wales and Harold raiding the souther n coast [8]. [The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Caradoc son of Rhyd derch [error for son of Grufudd son of Rhydderch?] son of Iestin hire d Harallt to come with an army to S. Wales" and together they defeate d Prince Gruffydd in 1060 [9].] The Chronicle of the Princes of Wale s records that "Gruffudd son of Llywelyn… fell through the treacher y of his own men" in 1061 [10]. Simeon of Durham records that "Griffi n king of the Britons" was killed by his own men "Non Aug" in 1064 [11 ]. Gruffydd was not caught by this pincer movement but was killed by h is own men [12]. m firstly (1039) as her second husband, ---, formerl y wife of HYWEL Prince of South Wales, daughter of ---. The Chronicl e of the Princes of Wales records that "Gruffudd son of Llywelyn son o f Seisyl overcame Howel and captured his wife and took her to be his o wn wife" [13]. The Gwentian Chronicle records that "Grufudd son of Lly welyn son of Seisyllt" defeated "Hywel son of Edwin and took his wif e from him and kept her as his concubine" in 1038 [14]. [1] Gwentia n Chronicle, p. 45. [2] ''Brut y Tywysogion'' (Williams), p. 125. [3 ] Gwentian Chronicle, p. 51. [4] ''Brut y Tywysogion'' (Williams), p . 39. [5] Anglo-Saxon Chronicle C, 1046. [6] Florence of Worcester , 1055, p. 157. [7] Florence of Worcester, 1056, p. 158. [8] Florenc e of Worcester, 1063, p. 164. [9] Gwentian Chronicle, p. 57. [10] '' Brut y Tywysogion'' (Williams), p. 45. [11] Simeon of Durham, Vol. II , p. 543. [12] Florence of Worcester, 1064, p. 166, and Barlow, F. (2 002) ''The Godwins: the Rise and Fall of a Noble Dynasty'' (Longman) , p. 68. [13] ''Brut y Tywysogion'' (Williams), p. 41. [14] Gwentia n Chronicle, p. 51.