EFL - Enciclopedia delle Famiglie Lombarde

http://fmg.ac/Projects/MedLands/HUNGARY.htm ANDRÁS, son of BÉLA II I King of Hungary & his first wife Agnès [Anna] de Châtillon-sur-Loi ng (1176-21 Sep 1235, bur Egrecz, Cistercian Abbey). The ''Chronicon V aradiense'' names "primus… dux Henricus… secundus dux Andreas… t ertius dux Salamon et quartus… dux Stephanus" as the four sons of "r ex Bela tertius filius Geysæ" [''Chronicon Varadiense'', 16, pp. 256- 7]. The ''Chronicle of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines'' names (in order) " Haymericum et Andream… et duas reginas Constantiam de Boemia et Marg aretam de Grecia" as children of "rex Bela de Hungaria" and his wife A gnes [''Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium'' 1167, MGH SS XXIII, p p. 849-50]. After the accession of his brother, András demanded Croat ia and Dalmatia as an appanage but this was refused. He revolted, an d by 1198 obtained his demands and became Duke of Croatia and Dalmati a [Fine (1994), p. 22]. He and subsequent dukes acted as the king of H ungary's deputy in the kingdom of Croatia. "Andreas, tertii Belæ regi s filius… Dalmatiæ, Croatiæ, Ramæ, Culmæque dux" appointed "Phar ensi episcopum" by charter dated 1198, witnessed by "Andrea Bano, comi te Macharia, comite Ioseph, comite Marco, comite Andronico filio Ban i camerario ducis Wenceslao…" [''Codex Diplomaticus Hungariæ'', Tom e II, p. 318]. He conquered western Hum [Hercegovina] as far as the ri ver Neretva in 1198 [Fine (1994), p. 45]. The ''Continuatio Admuntensi s'' records that he was arrested in 1203, suspected of plotting to tak e over the kingdom, and imprisoned "in palacio Strigoniensi quod ali o nomine Gran vocatur" [''Continuatio Admuntensis'' 1203, MGH SS IX, p . 590]. He ousted his nephew in 1205 and succeeded as ANDRÁS II Kin g of Hungary. He played an active part in the dismemberment of Galich- Volynia after the death of Roman Mstislavich Prince of Galich in 1205 , Hungary and Poland eventually agreeing the division of the territori es between them under the treaty of Spisz in 1214, although Hungary ex pelled Poland from Peremyshl and Lyubachev in 1215/1216 [Martin, J. (1 995) ''Medieval Russia 980-1584'' (Cambridge), p. 127, and Fennell, J . (1983) ''The Crisis of Medieval Russia 1200-1304'' (Longman), p. 37] . In 1211, King András hired the Order of Teutonic Knights, who had b een expelled back to Europe from Palestine, to defend the eastern fron tier of Transylvania against the Kumans [Christiansen (1997), p. 82] , but they attempted to establish their autonomy there under the prote ction of the Pope. King András set sail from Split for Palestine on c rusade in Oct 1217, but left Acre in early 1218 having achieved littl e besides acquiring a small collection of religious relics [Runciman ( 1978), Vol. 3, pp. 147-9]. He returned by the land route, via Constant inople, but at the end of 1218 he was seized in Bulgarian territory an d released only after agreeing the marriage of his daughter to Ivan As en II Tsar of Bulgaria [Fine (1994), pp. 108 and 129]. He threatened w ar with Serbia after Grand Župan Stefan was crowned king of Serbia b y the papal legate in 1217, claiming that he alone had the right to th is title, but did not carry out the threat [Fine (1994), p. 108]. Kin g András's abuses caused the Hungarian nobles to rebel in 1222 and fo rced him to issue the Golden Bull, a charter defining the rights of th e nobility and restricting the king's right to appoint foreigners to o ffice without the consent of the Council [Fine (1994), p. 149, and Mac artney (1962), Chapter 2]. According to Goldstein, this reform was for ced by the rebellion of the lower nobility in Croatia [Goldstein, I. , trans. Jovanović, N. (1999) ''Croatia: A History'' (Hurst & Company , London), p. 22]. King András expelled the Teutonic Knights in 122 5 [Lázár (1996), p. 45] on the pretext of their having disobeyed hi s orders. In 1227, Bortz Khan of the Kumans swore allegiance to the ki ng of Hungary after ordering the baptism of his people, rex Cumaniæ b eing added to the titles of the Hungarian king soon after [Horváth (1 989), p. 48]. King András attacked north-west Bulgaria in 1232 and re captured Beograd and Braničevo which he had been forced to cede as pa rt of the dowry of his daughter Maria. He crossed the Danube into Wall achia where the Hungarians created a Banate in the Severin region [Fin e (1994), p. 129]. The ''Chronicon Dubnicense'' records the death in 1 235 of "Andreas filius Bele" and his burial "in monasterio de Egrus" [ Chronicon Dubnicense, p. 103]. The ''Chronicon Zagrabiense'' records t he death "XI Kal Oct" in 1235 of "rex Andreas filius regis Belæ III " and his burial "in monasterio suo Egres" [''Chronicon Zagrabiense'' , 19, p. 258]. The ''Chronicle'' of Alberic de Trois-Fontaines record s the death in 1235 of "Andreas rex Hungarie" and his burial "in civit ate Waradino" [''Chronica Albrici Monachi Trium Fontium'' 1235, MGH S S XXIII, p. 937].